69. Field Guide to Components

Or, how to recognize various electronics from quite a long way away. Here's a quick visual reference guide to the major types of components used in the Pinscape expansion boards. We'll cover each category in greater detail in the chapters that follow, but I think it'll help to start with some visual examples of what the parts typically look like.
Note that the example photos are just that - examples. All of these parts come in a wider variety of shapes, sizes, and colors than what we can show here. These photos should at least look similar to most of the parts used in the Pinscape projects, but there's a lot of variation even in that limited scope, so don't worry if you don't see an exact picture of one of the parts you're using.
DescriptionExamplesSchematic symbols
Resistor
Resistance value in Ohms (Ω)
Capacitor (ceramic disc)
Capacitance value in Farads (F); ceramic capacitors are unpolarized
Capacitor (electrolytic)
Capacitance value in Farads (F); electrolytic capacitors are polarized (one lead is "+", the other is "-")
Diode
LED (light-emitting diode)
Transistor (bipolar)
Transistor (Darlington)
Transistor (MOSFET)
Integrated Circuit (IC) chip
Optocoupler
Relay
Pin headers